Lighting

Background lighting is lighting used to light the background area of the set to show the audience what the what the setting looks like. Also it provides a separation between the main subject and the background.

Cameo lighting is lighting used to emphasis someone or something by having the light only on them. Spotlights are commonly used for this.

Fill light is lighting used to make sure there is no shadow in the shot. Often they use a 3 point lighting so the lights are placed all around the set to make sure there is no shadow.

High key lighting is used to reduce the lighting ratio of the shot. This is used to minimize the shadow in the shot but not completely.

Low key lighting is used to reduce light in a shot. This is so the audience can just make out the image of a person or object or so the audience knows that someone is there but can't make out who it is. Is also known as chiaroscuro.

Under light is when the light source comes from below the character or object and often is used in thrillers and horrors.

Top lighting is when the source of light comes from above the character.

Key light is the most commonly used lighting technique. The main purpose of key light is to highlight the character from the set.